Coal-breaker



F. PARDEE.

COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED OCT. 4, I917- 1,356,465. I Patented Oct.19,1920.

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COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED ocT. 4, l9l7.

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

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INVENTOR ,4 TTORNEY F. PARDEE. COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FI LED. OCT. 4,1917.

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

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ATTORNEY F. PARDEE.

COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED ocT. 4, 1917.

I 13356365. Patented 0ct.19,1920.

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F. PARDEE.

COAL BREAKER APPLICATION FILED 0014,1911.

Patented 00a 19,1920.

6 SHEEIS-SHEET 6.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

rRA K PARDEE, or HAZLETON, PENNSYLVANIA.

' GOAL-BREAKER.

, ncati n filed. October 4, 1917. Serial No. 194,653.

T0 aZZ 10710272 it may concern I Be it known that l, FRANK PARDEE, acitizen of the United States, residingin Hazleton, Pennsylvania,haveinvented certain new and usefulimprovements in Coal- Breakers, ofwhich the following is a specification.

In my Patent No. 12185693 dated March 13th, 1.917, I have described amethod and apparatus for breaking larger lumps ofcoal into a smallerdetermined size with minimum production of particles finer than saiddetermined size by subjectingvthe lumps to OPPOSEQ pressures alongpractically continuous lines extending-across the lumps as distinguishedfrom a number of breaks radiating from a focal point.- The machine shownin said patent contains two directly opposed blades between whicl'i theindividuallumps of coal are broken or cut into the smaller sizesdesired. The present applicationcovers other features of the machine andshows another type of machine working on the same general principle suchmachine being 'llustrated inthe accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation;

Fig. l is a detail planof the shaking chute;

Fig; 2 is a front elevation ofthe first breaking unit being a view onthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1; I

Figs. 3 and are transverse sections of the same showing the parts indifferent posi tions;

Fig. 5' is a partial rear elevation on an enlarged scale of one of thebreaking units, parts being broken away in the interest of clearnessFig. 6 is a sectional perspective view of the supporting table;

Fig. 7 is a sectionon the line 7-7 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a detail of thelatch for holding the table in position duringthe breaking operation;

Figs. 9, 10, 11 and Bare diagrammatic views illustrating differentstages in the o cle of operation of one of the breaking units Referringto the embodiment-ofthe invention illustrated, the complete machinecomprises three successive units. In the first; the large lumps .of coalare broken into smaller lumps. These in turn are-fed to the second unitwhich breaks them "into still smaller lumps. 'Andthese in turn are fedto the; third unit and again broken into the size finally desired.-According to the sizeof the original lumps we may .use a single break ngunit or any desirednumber ofsuch units in succession.

'l: he frame of the machine comprises three main pairs of uprights-A, B,and C connected by cross-beamsD at their lower ends; by cross-beams E,-F and G 'respectivelyat intermediate points, whichv serve also tosupport the table and adjacent parts hereinafter referred to; and byframed girdersH, J and K attheir upper ends. The lower portions of theuprights are connected also near their lower ends by longitudinalbeams Land M and at their upper ends by longitudinal beams N and O. Asupplementary frame for supportingthe chute which feeds to the firstunit and for supporting other parts 18 located in front of the first setof uprights and comprises a pair of uprights .1? connected together bycross-beams Q and R at thelower and upper ends respectively andconnected to the first unit by longitudinal beams S and T.

The longitudinal beamsS of the supple mental frame carry suitablebearings for the main drive shaft U on which is mounted the pulley Vdriven by a suitable primelmover, and a driving pulley W connected by abelt to with the pulley w onthe worm shaft X.

A. countershaft Y mounted in suitable bearings carried by the girders HJ and K, has a worm gear 2 secured thereto adapted to be driven bya worma2 on theshaft X. Pulleys, y, y and g securedtothe shaft Y serve todrive the crank shafts Z, Z andZ by means of suitable belting as shown.Cranks Z, carried by said shafts drive the coal breaking togglemechanism to be presently described. I

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated there are shown threesets of breaker units, which are practically identical in constructionand operation the only distinction between them being thatthe travel ofthe ejector-fingers in each unitis so adjusted that the lumps of coalbroken off by each supporting table, a table for supporting the coalduring the breaking operation, a blade for breaking the coal, mechanismfor supporting and locking the table during the breaking operation,shock absorbing means and adjustable ejector mechanism for regulatingthe size of the lumps of coal to be broken off.

The breaking blade 1 is secured to a cross head 2 built up of structuralbeams and having members 3 and 4 secured to the ends thereof, whichcarry anti-friction rollers 5 adapted to travel in the guide-ways-G ofthe uprights A, B and C.

The cross head is balanced by suitable counterweights 2 and 2 as shownin Fig. 2 and is reciprocated vertically by means of a toggle mechanismconsisting of a pair of links 7 and 8 pivotally secured at one end tosaid cross head 2 and at their opposite ends to a floating bar 9; and asecond pair of links 10 and 11 similarly securedat one end to the bar 9and at their opposite ends to the pivots 12 and 13 carried by thesliding members 12 and 13 which impinge against poweriul buffer springs12 and 13 mounted in housings 12 and 13 carried by the frame of themachine.

These springs are designed to yield when material harder than coal, suchas iron or rock is accidentally fed with the coal thereby preventing thebreakage of the blades.

The bar 9 is actuated by the crank Z and pitman 14. This togglemechanism is so designed and arranged that the initial movement israpid, to quickly bring the blade into cutting engagement with the coal,and the subsequent motion slow and powerful to exert a maximum breakingaction.

Referring to Figs. 3, 1, 4 and 6, the supporting table 15 comprises atop plate 16, side plate 17 and supporting beams 18 suitably framed intosaid side plates, and a bottom plate 19. Slots 20 are cut in thesupporting table to permit the ejector fingers hereinafter described toproject beyond the surface of the top plate of the table.

A shaft 21 mounted in trunnions 22 secured to brackets carried by theuprights of the machine, forms a pivotal support for the table.

Located below the table at a plane intermediate the shaft 21 and thefree end of the table is a cam shaft 24, to which is keyed a pluralityof cams 25 adapted to supportthe table against the breaking pressure ofthe blade 1 during its descent. Adjacent to the bearings 26 located neareach end of the shaft 24 are keyed crank arms 27 which are connected bylinks 28 to the cam shaft operating rods 29 slidably mounted in guides29 carried on'the ends of the cross head 2. At their upper ends the rods29 are provided with adjusting nuts 32 and sleeves between which aremounted adjusting means as shown.

springs 31. The lower ends of the rods 29 are bent forwardly forengagement with the yielding push rods 33 which are slidably mounted .inthe same guides 29. and are provided with springs 34 and suitable Doubleacting dash-pots 35 pivotally secured to the framing of the machine areconnected by piston rods 36 and wrist pins 37 to the crank arms 27 andthe links 28 to absorb shocks attendant upon the operation ofthebreaking mechanism. Similar dash-pots 28 are connected by piston rods39 and pins 40 to the free end of the table 15 as shown.

. Pivotally mounted to tl e framing of the machine is a latch 41 havinga hooked end 42 adapted to engage the crank arm 27 as shown in Figs. 3and 7, when the table is in position for the breaking operation and tobe tripped by a roller or stud carried by a bracket on the cross head,upon the downward movement of the cross head.

A plurality of ejector fingers 44 joined together by an alining rod 45are mounted on a rock shaft 46 mounted in suitable bearings 47 securedto the cross beam E of the frame of the machine. I

Plates 48, are secured to the fingers whicl are located at each end'ofthe shaft Crank pins 49 carried by the plates 48 pass through slots 50in links 51 which are pivoted at 52 to the underside of he supportingtable. i

Spring pressed shoes 53 are slidably mounted in the slots 50 to coactwith the crank pins 49 in a manner to be presently described.

A stop 54 for limiting the movement of the ejector fingers away from thesupporting table is adjustably mounted by bolts 55 and nuts 56t0 theangle iron 57 which is secured to the underside of the stationarydischarge chute. The several discharge chutes 58 are fixed by attachmentat their rear ends to the uprights A, B and (land are slotted for thepassage of the fingers 44. To the underside of the table there is hingeda slotted extension 59 for conveying the broken coal from the table 15to the stationary inclined discharge chute 58 leadingto the neXtsuccessive breaking unit.

The member 59 is composed of a plurality of narrow plates mounted adjacently on rods 60 and 61 (Fig. 5), the rods 60 being secured to theunderside of the table in such a manner as to form the pintles of thehinge. The plates 59 are spaced sufficiently far apart to permit theejector fingers 44 to pass between them as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Inoperation the large lumps or slabs of coalare fed onto the shakinginclined chute 62 which is hung from the frame T of the machine by links63. The jogging of this chute spreads the coal one lump deep and causesthe lumps to lie on their broadest faces as they arrive at the breaker.The shaking chute is providedwith suitable deflecting ribs 62 so thatelongated pieces. of coal will be fed end-on to the breaking blade asshown in'Fig. 1*, and-will feed the lumps onto the table 15, and:thefingersx44 will approximately locate the lumpsito be broken in theposition shown. in Fig. llaand, asthe blade rises andthe table-with it,the parts will assumethe position of Fig. 9. Rotationof the crank shaftuZ will cause the cross head 2-and' the blade l to move downward. Whenthe cross head has moved downa sufiicient distance to bring-the blade 1(as shown in dottedlines in Fig. 3) into engagement with the coal, theend of the push rod 33 will still be clear ofthebent.

end of the rod 29.

As the blade continues its downward movement, cutting through the coal,the cams will remain in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 9withtheirmajor axes substantially vertical, supporting the table until the pushrod 33 comes into contact with the lower bent end ofthe' rod 29 andslightly compresses the spring 34, the arms 27 being held by the latches41 and preventing movement of the links 28 downward. By this time theblade will have cutinto thecoal a sufiicient distance to break off theportion between it and the end of the table (Fig. 10)

andthe latches 41 will be withdrawn. The

- springs'34 will then expand, causing a rocking movement of the camshaft 24, through the bent end of rod 29,links 28 andv crank arm 27.Further downward movement of the cross head will cause the cam shaft tobe rocked until the cams reach approximately the position shown iniFigs.4 and 11, this downward movement being cushioned by the springs 34 andthe dash pots 35 and 88.

The rotation ofthe cams 25 willpermit the table 15 to rock on itsshatt21, and this initial rocking movement of the table will cause theejector fingers 44 to project above the top surface of the table, toeject the broken lumps of coal from the table onto the hinged extension59 which, will convey the broken lumps to the inclined chute 58leadingto the next breaking unite Continued downward movement of thetable accelerates the travel otthe broken lumps, and will also tend tocause the unbroken slabs or lumps on the table to travel toward theinclined chute 59. The downward travel of the unbroken slabs or lumpswill be arrested by the blade 1 upon the downward travel of saidblade,and by the ejector fingers 44 when the bladeisbeing retracted in amanner to be presently described.

During the initial movement of the table the ejector fingersremainpractically stationary due to thefact that the crank pin 49 in theslot 50 =of thezlinkbl will not be affected until the spring pressedshoe strikes it, suitable spring pressed latches 44 shown in Figs. .3and .4 are employed to hold'thefingers 44 in the vertical position untilthe pins 51 carried by the link 51 trip said latches thereby permittingthe shoes carriedby the link 5l to rock the fingersa44 until theirtravelis arrestedby the adjustable stop bar 54.

As thebladel is retracted the unbroken As the table moves upward theejector fingers will remain in the position shown due to the lost motionbetween the crank pin 49 and the'end of the slot 50 thus permitt-ing theunbroken slab or lump to be retained and positioned on the table forvthe.

next operation of the blade.

Continued upward movement of the cross head 2 will causesame to strikethe lower sleeve 30 on the rod 29 which will operate to rock the shaft24 and cams 25 through link 28 and crank arm 27, thus re-setting thetable to its initial or horizontal position as shown in Fig. 12. In thisposition the latch book 42 will engage the crank arm 27 to securely lockthe table in position for the subsequent breaking operation.

This latch remains in looking engagement with the crank arm 27 until theblade 1 has traveled a sufiicient distance to break oifthe coal,afterwhich it is trippedby the roller 43 engaging the cam surfacethereon. ;From the foregoing it will be clear that this inventionprovides a structure which will rigidly lock and support the tableduring the-breaking operation, so that during this operation the forceis taken by the staunch structural frame and the cushioning devices areprovided toieflectually absorb the shocks attendant upon the opera tionof the machine.

1 While the particular embodiment otmv invention shown has beendescribed in minute detaiLI do not limit myself to the structure shownand described as it is obvious that changes may be made oy those skilledin the art without departing from the spirit and scope of thisinvention.

What I claim is I "1. A coal breaker including movable supporting table,means for breaking lumps on said table and fingers actuatedupon themovement of the table for ejecting the broken portions of the lumps fromthe table and preventing the escape of the unbroken portions from thetable.

2. A coal breaker comprising a series of inclined chutes and supportingtables, means for intermittently arresting the downward travel of thelumps on said tables and alining them in a row and subsequently breakingoff a portion of the lumps so alined.

3. A coal breaker including a plurality of blades and a line of pivotedtables extending below said blades on which the lumps may be broken intosuccessively smaller portions by the successive blades and means forrocking said tables to eject the lumps therefrom.

i. A coal breaker including a plurality of blades and a line of pivotedtables extending below said blades, means for rocking said tables toeject the lumps therefrom and inclined chutes leading from each table tothe next to convey the lumps to the successive tables and to cause themto be broken into successively smaller successive blades.

5. A coal breaker including a supporting table, means for breaking lumpson said table and means adapted to pass through the bottom of the tableand eject the broken portions of the lumps.

6. A coal breaker including an oscillating supporting table, having ahinged exten sion, a blade for breaking the lumps on the table and meansfor lowering the hinged extension of the table to carry the broken offportions of the lumps While the blade prevents the escape of theremaining portions.

7. A coal breaker including an oscillating supporting table, a blade forbreaking the lumps on said table, means for moving the blade intobreaking engagement with the lumps on said table, and yielding means tooscillate said table. j

8. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a blade for breaking thelumps on said table, auxiliary means for supporting the table againstthe breaking force of the blade, means for locking the table and saidauxiliary supporting means in position for the breaking operation, andmeans for re leasing the table after the breaking operation.

9. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a flat blade extendinglengthwise of said table for breaking a row of lumps on said table, andmeans for ejecting the broken portions of said lumps and retaining theunbroken lumps for a subsequent breaking operation.

10. A coal breaker including a shaking chute having guiding fins forpositioning the lumps traveling thereon, a plurality of oscillatingsupporting tables, means for feeding the lumps from said shaking chuteportions by the to the first of said supporting tables, conveyers forfeeding the lumps to the succeeding tables, means for moving saidoscillating tables to transfer the lumps to said conveyers, blades forbreaking the lumps on the tables and meansv for actuating said blades.

11. A coal breaker .including a supporting table, a blade for breakingthe lumps on said table, a reciprocating cross head for supporting saidblade, means actuated by said cross head for supporting said tableagainst the breaking pressure of said blade.

12. A coal breaker including an oscillating supporting table, a longflat blade for breaking the lumps on said table, a reciproeating crosshead for supporting said blade, locking means for holding said table inposition during the breaking operation and means for disengaging saidlocking means after the breaking operation. 1

13. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a blade for breakingthe lumps on said table, a reciprocating cross head for supporting saidblade, yielding means carried by said cross head, supporting means forsaid table actuated by said yielding means and locking means for saidsupport ing means actuated by said cross head.

14. A coal breaker including a support ing table, a blade for breakingthe lumps onsaid table, means actuated by said table for ejecting thebroken lumps and retaining unbroken portions of the lumps.

15. A coal breaker including an oscillating table, a long blade forbreaking a row of lumps on said table, a cross head supporting saidblade, anti-friction guiding means for the cross head-and means forreciprocating said cross head.

16. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocatingcross head carrying a 'bl'adefor breaking the lumps on said table, camsactuated by said cross head to support the table against the breakingaction of said blade.

17. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocatingcross head carrying a blade for breaking the lumps on said table,movable means for supporting said table against the breaking pressure ofsaid blade, and yielding means for releasing the supporting means afterthe breaking operation.

18. A coal breaker including a supporting table, a blade for breakingthe lumps on said table fingers operated by the table for gaging thesize of the portions to be broken from the lumps, and for ejecting thebroken portions.

19. A coal breaker comprising a series of breaker units each includingan oscillating supporting table, a blade for breaking the lumps on saidtable, fingers actuated by the movement of said tables for ejecting thebroken portions of the lumps therefrom, a chute leading to the nextsuccessive breaker unit and means carried by said table for conveyingthe broken lumps to said chute leading to the next successive breakerunit.

20. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocatingcross head carrying a breaking blade, means operated by said cross headfor rocking said table, a

latch. for locking said table in a substantially horizontal position,and means operated by said cross head for tripping said latch.

21. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocatingcross head carrying a breaking blade, a plurality of cams carried by acam shaft for supporting said table against the breaking force of aidblade, and yielding means for rocking said cam shaft.

22. A coal breaker including a pivoted supporting table, a reciprocatingcross head carrying a breaking blade, a plurality of cams carried by acam shaft for supporting said table against the breaking force of saidblade, and means carried byrthe cross head for storing energy to rocksaid cam shaft after the breaking blade has operated.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal.

FRANK PARDEE.

